Dr Prashant Kumar

Senior Lecturer

Qualifications: Ph.D. (Engg-Cantab), MTech. (Environment-IITD), BEng (Civil-IEI), Diploma Eng (Civil)

Email:
Phone: Work: 01483 68 2762
Room no: 03 AA 03

Office hours

09:00-17:30 hr

Research Opportunity: Options for securing PhD funding for outstanding candidates can always be explored. Please drop me an email, if interested in the topic areas mentioned below.

Further information

Biography

Prashant started as a Lecturer in 2009, became a Senior Lecturer in 2012, after obtaining a PhD (Engineering) from the University of Cambridge (UK) and a masters degree (MTech) in Environmental Engineering and Management from the Indian Institute of Technology Delhi (India). He was awarded Cambridge Nehru Scholarship and Overseas Research Scholarship Award for pursuing his PhD research. Prior to his MTech, he worked in India for a research Institute for 5 years, and in construction industry for about 2 years. 

His current research focuses on evaluating and mitigating the environmental impacts of road transport on urban air quality and human health, with a special focus on measurements of airborne nanoparticles using advanced instruments and developing simple dispersion models for vehicle wake, street and city scales combining the key findings from field, wind tunnel and computational studies. In general, his research efforts are directed towards (i) wind flows and pollutant dispersion in urban areas using numerical, wind tunnel and computational modelling, (ii) behaviour and fate of airborne nano/ultrafine particles (measurements, dispersion modelling and health impact), (iii) air pollution impacts on built infrastructure, (iv) assessment and characterisation of emerging nanoparticles sources (e.g. building activities), (v) air pollution modelling from local to city scale and human exposure risk assessment, (vi) indoor air quality and personal exposure modelling in transport microenvironments, and (vii) investigating the impacts of energy consumption in buildings on indoor air quality for designing sustainable solutions that can maintain a trade–off between energy efficiency of buildings and acceptable air quality for healthy living. 

Prashant's research has acclaimed international recognition resulting in over 50 journal articles (and about the same number of conference articles) in top–ranked journals, winning awards at various international conferences for his outstanding academic performance and research contributions, and obtaining highly competitive research grants as a young researcher; he is involved in  numerous research projects funded by the UK and European research councils. His h-index is 14 and his articles have received in excess of 300 citations.

Prashant is currently reviewing for over 15  peer-reviewed international journals. He is currently serving as an executive editor for the Journal of Civil & Environmental Engineering, besides acting acting as an editorial board member for the journals Science of the Total Environment, Advances in Environmental Research, American Journal of Environmental Protection, and TheScientificWorldJournal. He is actively engaged in international research and has close links with academics in the USA, Europe, Middle-East and Asia. He is supervising a number of under– and post–graduate project students, besides PhD and post-doctoral researchers. Prashant is also teaching civil and environmental related subjects to undergraduate and maters level engineering students; he is keenly practicing novel teaching, assessment and evaluation techniques for encouraging deep learning among engineering students. Please see his personal web page and researcher identification page for further details. 

Prashant is a member of the following groups:

Education

  • PGCAP (Post Graduate Certificate in Academic Practice): University of Surrey, UK (2009-2010) - 71% (Distinguished Pass)
  • Ph.D. (Engineering): University of Cambridge, UK (2008)
  • M.Tech. (Environmental Engineering and Management): Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India (2005) -CGPA 9.8/10 (Institute Rank 1)
  • B.E. (Civil): Institution of Engineers, India (2001) - First Division
  • Diploma Engineering (Civil): Government Polytechnic Ghaziabad, India (1995) - 83% (First Division with Honours, College Rank 1)

Research Interests

  • Atmospheric nanoparticles (measurements through advanced instruments and dispersion modelling using numerical, wind tunnel and CFD tools)
  • Air Quality (modelling of vehicular emissions, urban air pollution, development, evaluation and application of urban air quality models)
  • Measurements and dispersion modelling of air-dispersed manufactured or engineered nanoparticles
  • Exposure assessment of airborne nanoparticles (ambient and manufactured) and gaseous air pollutants
  • Environment policies (related to air quality, health and nanoparticles)
  • Environmental impact assessments (transportation, industries, landfills)
  • Bio–fuels (sources, emissions, application, barriers and policies)
  • Wind energy (design, application and flow characteristics of wind turbines)
  • Integrated impact of air pollutants and climate change on buildings and transport infrastructure

Research Collaborations

  • Imperial College London, UK
  • University of Cambridge, UK
  • Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA
  • Aarhus University, Denmark
  • Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, India
  • Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India
  • Cambustion Instruments Cambridge, UK
  • University of Birmingham, UK
  • University of Newcastle, UK
  • Health Protection Agency, UK
  • University of Birmingham, UK
  • Kings College London, UK
  • University of Helsinki, Finland
  • Kuwait University, College for Women (Department of Environmental Technology Management)
  • The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI), India
  • National Institute of Environmental Sciences (NIES), Japan

Funded Research Projects

Completed:

1. Understanding dispersion of nanoparticles in vehicle wake combining fast response measurements and wind tunnel simulations (EPSRC First Grant Scheme: EP/H026290/1; Project duration: 13 months from 21 July 2010 to 20 July 2011)

This grant was awarded to Dr. Prashant Kumar under the EPSRC first grant scheme. The objectives of this project were to study the change in nanoparticle distributions due to competing influences of dilution and transformation processes over the travel time from tailpipe to roadside, and to model the fate of these particles at a fine spatial scale (i.e. the near and the main/far wake regions of a moving vehicle). These objectives were achieved (i) by performing ground-fixed and on-board measurements of particle number and size distributions in the wake of a moving diesel car at different speeds using a DMS50 , (ii) by mimicking the field experiments using wind tunnel simulations for investigating the flow and dispersion characteristics in the wake regions of vehicles, and (iii) by analysing the data obtained from field experiments and wind tunnel simulations to develop the basis for predicting nanoparticle concentrations in vehicle wakes.

Project outputs

  • Carpentieri, M., Kumar, P., Robins, A., 2011. Wind tunnel measurements for nanoparticle dispersion modelling in vehicle wakes. Atmospheric Environment (ready for submission). [Online Link]
  • Capentieri, M., Kumar, P., 2011.  Ground-fixed and on-board measurements of nanoparticles in the wake of a moving vehicle. Atmospheric Environment (in press). [Online Link]
  • Carpentieri, M., Kumar, P., Robins, A., 2011. An overview of experimental results and dispersion modelling of nanoparticles in the wake of moving vehicles. Environmental Pollution 159, 685-693. [Online Link]
  • Kumar, P., Carpentieri, M., Robins, A., Ketzel, M., Brtitter, R., 2011. Understanding dispersion of nanoparticles in vehicle wakes combining field measurements and wind tunnel simulations. HARMO14: 14th International conference on harmonisation within atmospheric dispersion modelling for  regulatory purposes, Kos Island, Greece, 2-6 October 2011.
  • Carpentieri, M., Kumar, P., Robins, A., 2011. Flow and concentration measurements in the wake of reduced scale models of cars for developing nanoparticle dispersion models. PHYSMOD  2011: International workshop on Physical Modelling and Dispersion Phenomena, University of Hamburg Germany, 22-24 August 2011.
  • Kumar, P., Carpentieri, M., 2011. Dispersion of nanoparticles in vehicle wake – Part I: analysis of field measurements. EAC 2011: European Aerosol Conference, Manchester, UK,  4-9 September 2011.
  • Carpentieri, M., Kumar, P., Robins, A., 2011. Dispersion of nanoparticles in vehicle wake – Part II: analysis of wind tunnel work. EAC 2011: European Aerosol Conference, Manchester, UK,  4-9 September 2011.
  • Kumar, P., Carpentieri, M., Robins, A., 2011. Dispersion of ultrafine particles in the near and far wake regions of a moving diesel car. Air Quality 2012: 8th International Conference on Air Quality – Science and Application. Athens, Greece, 19-23 March 2012.

Availability of project data

In the framework of this project, field measurements and wind tunnel measurements were carried out. Field campaigns involved ground-fixed and on-board measurements while the wind tunnel measurements were carried out in boundary layer wind tunnel of the Environmental Flow (EnFlo) Research Centre, and the newly commissioned 'rolling road Aero tunnel' at the University of Surrey, UK. A high resolution experimental data base was obtained from both the field and wind tunnel measurements for formulating the basis of fast mathematical parameterisations that can be used with operational nanoparticle dispersion models. Some part of the data has already been analysed and the results are reported in above-mentioned journal and conference articles, and will be further used for vehicle wake model building and evaluation purposes. This data can also be made available for model evaluation or comparison purposes to other researchers by contacting Dr. Prashant Kumar.

 

Ongoing:

2. Multi-scale evaluation of advanced technologies for capturing the CO2: chemical looping applied to solid fuels (EPSRC Grant: EP/I010912/1; Project duration: 36 months starting from 1 July 2011 to 30 June 2014) 

This is a collaborative UK-China EPSRC grant. The UK part is led by Cambridge University and Dr. Prashant Kumar is a Surrey PI and a UK CI on this grant. The overall aim of this consortium is to investigate the continuous operation of a chemical–looping combustion system utilising coal for addressing the challenges in moving from the laboratory scale through to an industrial scale by a combination of laboratory and pilot scale experiments, and modelling. Research part at the Surrey University is focusing on setting up an initial model of flow sheets and reactor systems, and gathering information on costs, energy inputs and performance of process equipment as well as optimisation of flow sheet with refined reactor models and evaluation of feasibility with respect to cost, lifecycle energy and exergy balance.

Project outputs

  • Mukherjee, S., Kumar, P., Hosseini, A., 2011. Flow sheet modelling of an industrial scale coal powered system. Energy & Fuels (in preparation).

 

3. Experimental and computational analysis of the dispersion of nanoparticles in transport microenvironments (Surrey-EPSRC DTA Grant; Project duration: 36 months starting from 1 September 2010 to 31 August 2013)

The objectives of this work are to understand the dispersion and transformation of nanoparticles inside and outside the moving vehicles in urban environments, and then developing new, or improving the capabilities of a existing vehicle wake dispersion model for number and size distributions of  nanoparticles. First part of the work involves fast response measurements of number and size distributions of nanoparticles inside (and simultaneously outside using 4-way switching system) the car cabins to investigate fate/transformation (nucleation, condensation, coagulation, dilution) of particles. Besides quantifying the typical exposure levels in urban environment, this study will also address the fundamental question that what happens to the nanoparticles once they reach inside the vehicles; CFD simulations inside the vehicles could also be made, depending on the requirement, for understanding the detailed flow characteristics since such simulations can provide key information on dilution which is vital for interpreting nanoparticle transformation. The fundamental knowledge learned from this part of the work regarding the dynamics of particles will then help concluding the second part of the study on particle dispersion outside the vehicle. This part will involve (i) understanding the dynamics of particles in the vehicle wake through the already available literature, results of on-going project, and currently in progress CFD simulations along with their comparison with the already measured (or newly obtained) field data, (ii) developing or improving the capability of a existing vehicle wake dispersion model for dispersion of number and size distributions of nanoparticles by using the findings from CFD simulations, field measurements, and available results in literature. Depending on the requirement of above defined tasks and availability of the resources at required time, studies on field, wind tunnel or CFD simulations will be planned.

Project outputs

  • Joodatnia, P., Kumar, P., Robins, A., 2011. Dispersion and passenger exposure to vehicle-induced nanoparticles in a microtransport environment. Atmospheric Environment (in preparation). [Online Link]
  • Joodatnia, P., Kumar, P., 2011. Passenger exposure to nanoparticles inside a transport microenvironment. EAC 2011: European Aerosol Conference, Manchester, UK,  4-9 September 2011.
  •  Joodatnia, P., Kumar, P., Robins, A., 2011. Pseudo-simultaneous measurements for the spatial distribution of nanoparticles inside a car cabin. Air Quality 2012: 8th International Conference on Air Quality – Science and Application. Athens, Greece, 19-23 March 2012.

Publications

Book Chapters [Last updated 01/10/2012]

[1]    Kumar, P., Morawska, L., Harrison, R.M., 2012. Nanoparticles in European cities and associated health impacts. In: The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry: Air Quality in Europe (Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg; Viana, M. Eds), pp. 1-27. [PDF] [Citations 2]

[2]    Kumar, P., Azarmi, F., Mulheron, M., 2012. Enlightening and noxious shades of nanotechnology application in concrete. In: Nanotechnology: Volume 9 Civil / Construction Engineering. (Studium Press LLC, USA; Govil, J.N. Eds.). ISBN: 1-62699-009-3). pp. 255-287. [PDF] [Citations]

[3]    Kumar, P., Aldabbous, A., 2013. Emission, transformation and fate of nanoparticles in the atmosphere. In Vol. 4: Engineered Nanoparticles and the Environment: Biophysicochemical Processes and Biotoxicity (IUPAC-sponsored Wiley Book Series; Senesi, N. Eds.). Under review (invited).

Journal Articles 

[52]    Bashayar, A., Kumar, P., Khan, A.R., Robins, A., 2013. Assessment of ambient air quality at two urban residential sites close to petroleum refineries in Kuwait (in preparation). [PDF]

[51]    Goyal, R., Kumar, P., 2013. The effect of environmental and occupancy parameters on particulate matter in a mixed use building environment. Building and Environment (under review). [PDF]

[50]    Garcia, J., Cerdeira, R., Tavares, N., Coelho, L.M.R., Kumar, P., Carvalhod, M.G., 2013. Influence of different building configurations on the dispersion of PM10 in an urban street canyon. Urban Climate (under review). [PDF] 

[49]    Nagpure, A.K., Gurjar, B.R., Kumar, P., 2013. Gaseous emissions from agriculture activities in megacity Delhi. Journal of Environmental Management (under review). [PDF] 

[48]    Reggente, M., Peters, J., Theunis, J., Poppel, M.V., De Baets, B., Kumar, P., 2013. Prediction of ultrafine particle number concentration in urban environments by means of Gaussian process regression based on NO/NO2 measurements. Environment Modelling & Software (under review). [PDF]

[47]    Joodatnia, P., Kumar, P., Robins, A., 2013. Fast response sequential measurements and modelling of nanoparticles inside and outside a car cabin. Atmospheric Environment (In Press). [PDF]

[46]    Kumar, P., Jain, S., Gurjar, B.R., Sharma, P., Khare, M., Morawska, L., Britter, R., 2013. Can a “Blue Sky” return to Indian megacities? Atmospheric Environment 71, 1-4. [PDF] [Citations]

[45]    Sharma, P., Sharma, P., Jain, S., Kumar, P., 2013. An integrated statistical approach for evaluating the exceedence of criteria pollutants in the ambient air of megacity Delhi. Atmospheric Environment 70, 7-17. [PDF] [Citations 1]

[44]    Kumar, P., Imam, B. 2013. Footprints of air pollution and changing environment on the sustainability of built infrastructure. Science of the Total Environment 444, 85-101. [PDF] [Citations]

[43]    Kumar, P., Pirjola, L., Ketzel, M., Harrison, R.M. 2013. Nanoparticle emissions from 11 non-vehicle exhaust sources - a review. Atmospheric Environment 67, 252-277. [PDF] [Citations]

[42]    Joodatnia, P., Kumar, P., Robins, A., 2013. The behaviour of traffic produced nanoparticles in a car cabin and resulting exposure rates. Atmospheric Environment 65, 40-51. [PDF] [Citations 2]

[41]   Carpentieri, M., Kumar, P., Robins, A., 2012. Wind tunnel measurements for dispersion modelling of vehicle wakes. Atmospheric Environment 62, 9-25. [PDF] [Citations] 

[40]   Fujitani, Y., Kumar, P., Tamura, K., Fushimi, A., Hasegawa, S., Takahashi, K., Tanabe, K., Kobayashi, S., Hirano, S., 2012. Seasonal differences of the atmospheric particle size distribution in a metropolitan area in Japan. Science of the Total Environment 437, 339-347. [PDF] [Citations 2]

[39]   Heal, M.R., Kumar, P., Harrison, R.M., 2012. Particles, Air Quality, Policy and Health. Chemical Society Reviews 41, 6606-6630. [PDF] [Citations 5]  

[38]   Kumar, P., Kumar, A., Lead, J.R. 2012. Nanoparticles in Indian environment: Known, unknowns and awareness. Environmental Science & Technology 46, 7071-7072. [PDF] [Citations 3]

[37]   George, K.V., Patil, D.D., Kumar, P., Alappat, B.J. 2012. Field comparison of cyclonic separator and mass inertial impactor for PM10 monitoring. Atmospheric Environment 60, 245-252. [PDF] [Citations 3]

[36]  Kumar, P., Mulheron, M., Fisher, B., Harrison, R.M., 2012. New Directions: Airborne ultrafine particle dust from building activities - a source in need of quantification. Atmospheric Environment 56, 262-264. [PDF] [Citations 3]   

[35]   Mishra, V.K., Kumar, P., Int Panis, L., Poppel, M.V., Bleux, N., Frijns, E., Reggentea, M., Berghmans, P., Samson, R., 2012.Wintertime spatio-temporal variation of ultrafine particles in a Belgian city. Science of the Total Environment 431, 307-313. [PDF] [Citations 3]

[34]   Kumar, P., Mulheron, M., Som, C., 2012. Release of ultrafine particles from three simulated building processes. Journal of Nanoparticle Research 14, 771, doi: 10.1007/s11051-012-0771-2. [PDF] [Citations 4]

[33]   Tyagi, V., Gurjar, B.R., Joshi, N., Kumar, P., 2012. PM10 and heavy metals in sub–urban and rural atmospheric environments of northern India. ASCE Journal of Hazardous, Toxic and Radioactive Waste Management 15, 175-182. [PDF] [Citations]

[32]   Goyal, R., Khare, P., Kumar, P., 2012. Indoor air quality: Current status, missing links and future road map for India. Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering 2, 118. doi:10.4172/2165-784X.1000118. [PDF] [Citations]

[31]   Kumar, P., 2011. Footprints of airborne ultrafine particles on urban air quality and public health. Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering 1:e101. doi:10.4172/jcee.1000e101. [PDF] [Citations 2]

[30]   Capentieri, M., Kumar, P., 2011. Ground-fixed and on-board measurements of nanoparticles in the wake of a moving vehicle. Atmospheric Environment 45, 5837-5852. [PDF] [Citations 10]

[29]   Kumar, P., Gurjar, B.R., Nagpure, A., Harrison, R.M., 2011. Preliminary estimates of particle number emissions from road vehicles in megacity Delhi and associated health impacts. Environmental Science and Technology 45, 5514-5521. [PDF] [Citations 14]    

[28]   Kumar, P., Ketzel, M., Vardoulakis, S., Pirjola, L., Britter, R., 2011. Dynamics and dispersion modelling of nanoparticles from road traffic in the urban atmospheric environment - a review. Journal of Aerosol Science 42, 580-603. [PDF] [Citations 30] [Top 25 most downloaded article from November 2011 to December 2012]

[27]   Kumar, P., Robins, A., Vardoulakis, S., Quincey, P., 2011. Technical challenges in tacking regulatory concerns for urban atmospheric nanoparticles. Particuology 9, 566-571. [PDF] [Citations 5]

[26]   Carpentieri, M., Kumar, P., Robins, A., 2011. An overview of experimental results and dispersion modelling of nanoparticles in the wake of moving vehicles. Environmental Pollution 159, 685-693. [PDF] [Citations 5] 

[25]   Nagpure, A.K., Gurjar, B.R., Kumar, P., 2011. Impact of altitude on emission rates of ozone precursors from gasoline-driven light-duty commercial vehicles. Atmospheric Environment 45, 1413-1417. [PDF] [Citations 2]

[24]   Kumar, P., Rafiq, M., Imam, B., 2011. Negotiation on the assessment of peer-reviewed research articles with academic reviewers: Application of peer-observation approach of teaching. Higher Education 62, 315-332. [PDF] [Citations 2]

[23]   Imam, B., Rafiq, M., Kumar, P., 2011. Improving student learning in engineering discipline using student– and lecturer–led assessment approaches. European Journal of Higher Education 1-16, DOI:10.1080/21568235.2011.601932. [Free PDF] [Citations] [Most read article since September 2011 till date]

[22]   Kumar, P., Robins, A., ApSimon, H., 2010. Nanoparticle emissions from biofuelled vehicles - their characteristics and impact on the number based regulation of atmospheric particles. Atmospheric Science Letters 11, 327-331. [PDF] [Citations 13]

[21]   Nagpure, A.K., Gurjar, B.R., Kumar, P., Sahni, N., 2010. Pollutant emissions from road vehicles in megacity Kolkata, India: past and present trends. Indian Journal of Air Pollution Control X (2), 18-30. [PDF] [Citations]

[20]   Kumar, P., Robins, A., Vardoulakis, S., Britter, R., 2010. A review of the characteristics of nanoparticles in the urban atmosphere and the prospects for developing regulatory control. Atmospheric Environment 44, 5035-5052. [PDF] [Free Download] [Citations 27] [Top 10 most downloaded article between December 2010 and June 2011, December 2011, and January 2012-May 2012]

[19]   Kumar, P., Fennell, P., Robins, A., 2010. Comparison of the behaviour of manufactured and other airborne nanoparticles and the consequences for prioritising research and regulation activities. Journal of Nanoparticle Research 12, 1523-1530. [PDF] [Free Download] [Citations 14]

[18]   Kumar, P., Robins, A., Britter, R., 2009. Fast response measurements of the dispersion of nanoparticles in a vehicle wake and a street canyon. Atmospheric Environment 43, 6110-6118. [PDF] [Citations 17]

[17]   Saleh, W., Kumar, R., Kirby, H., Kumar, P., 2009. Real world driving cycle for motorcycles in Edinburgh. Transport Research Part D: Transport and Environment 14, 326–333. [PDF] [Citations 9]

[16]   Kumar, P., Garmory, A., Ketzel, M., Berkowicz, R., Britter, R., 2009. Comparative study of measured and modelled number concentrations of nanoparticles in an urban street canyon. Atmospheric  Environment 43, 949–958.[PDF] [Citations 24]

[15]  Kumar, P., Fennell, P., Hayhurst, A., Britter, R., 2009. Street versus rooftop level concentrations of fine particles in a Cambridge street canyon. Boundary–Layer Meteorology 131, 3–18. [PDF] [Citations 21]

[14]  Kumar, P., Britter, R., Gupta, N., 2009. Hydrogen Fuel: Opportunities and Barriers. ASME Journal of Fuel Cell Science and Technology 6, 0210009. [PDF] [Citations 4] [Top 10 most downloaded article during February-December 2009 and February 2010; topped the league in March, April and October 2009, February 2010, November-December 2011]

[13]  Kumar, P., Fennell, P., Symonds, J., Britter, R., 2008. Treatment for the losses of aerosol particles in long sampling tubes during ambient particle measurements. Atmospheric Environment 42, 8819–8826. [PDF] [Citations 23]

[12]  Kumar, P., Fennell, P., Langley, D., Britter, R., 2008. Pseudo–simultaneous measurements for vertical variation of coarse, fine and ultra fine particles in an urban street canyon. Atmospheric Environment 42, 4304–4319. [PDF] [Citations 24]

[11]  Kumar, P., Fennell, P., Britter, R., 2008. Effect of wind direction and speed on the dispersion of nucleation and accumulation mode particles in an urban street canyon. Science of the Total Environment 402, 82–94. [PDF] [Citations 26]

[10]  Kumar, P., Fennell, P., Britter, R., 2008. Measurement of particles in the 5–1000 nm range close to road level in an urban street canyon. Science of the Total Environment 390, 456–465. [PDF] [Citations 27]

[9]    Kumar, P., Hossain, S., Khan, A.A., Bodhke, S., 2007. Quantitative estimation of cardiopulmonary mortality due to fine particulate matters: a case study on Delhi city. Indian Journal of Environmental Protection 27, 58–64. [PDF]

[8]   Kumar, P., Hossain, S., Panda, S.K., Saha, S., 2007. Prediction of PM2.5 and PM1 concentrations using short—term studies and its importance for risk assessment and management planning in Delhi city. IMAP. [PDF]

[7]   Sharma, S.D., Kumar, P., Nanda, P.K., 2005. Interlocking concrete block pavements: new trends in construction. Civil Engineering and Construction Review, pp 56–66, November 2005.

[6]   Muraleedharan, T., Kumar, P., Rao, R.V.K., 2003. Structural Evaluation of Interlocking Concrete Block Pavement in the Laboratory and Guidelines for Design of ICBP for Low Volume Roads. Journal of Indian Road Congress (IRC) HRB, 68 (2003). [PDF] [Won Bihar PWD Medal Award]

[5]   Muraleedharan, T., Kumar, P., 2001. Antar Bandhaneeya Concrete Block Kuttim–Vishist Anuprayogo Ke Liye Ek Naveen Prodhyogiki Ke Liye Ek Naveen prodhyogiki: Ek Vivran. Bhartiya Vyagyanic Evam Audhyogic Anusandhan Patrika, Journal Published by National Institute of Science and Communication (NISCOM), New Delhi. Varsh 9. Ank1. pp 21–26, June 2001. [Best Research Paper of the Year in Hindi]

[4]   Muraleedharan, T., Reddy, G.H., Kumar, P., Nanda, P.K., 1999. Structural Response of ICBP under Static Loading Conditions. Civil Engineering and Construction Review. Vol. 12, No.11 Road Special Issue. November 1999.

[3]   Muraleedharan, T., Kumar, P., Sehgal, I., 1998. ICBP Using Industrial Waste–Scope for Bulk Utilisation of Fly Ash in Pavement Construction. Civil Engineering and Construction Review, pp 36–43, December 1998.

[2]   Sharma, S.D., Kumar, P., Nanda, P.K., 2003. Bhartiya Profilograph Se Sadak Ke Satahi Asamtalta Ka Mulyankan. Journal of The Institution of Engineers, India (In Hindi).

[1]   Sharma, S.D., Kumar, P., Gupta, S.K., & Nanda, P.K., 2002. Grameed Sadko Ka Abhiyantrik Drasti Se Mulyankan – Ek Avaashyakta. Journal of The Institution of Engineers, India (In Hindi).

 

Reports and Technical Articles

[10] Kumar, P., 2011. Understanding Understanding dispersion of nanoparticles in vehicle wake combining fast response measurements and wind tunnel simulations. EPSRC PROJECT (EP/H026290/1).

[9]   Kumar, P., 2010. Academic practices in higher education. PGCAP (Post Graduate Certificate in Academic Practices) report. Centre for Education and Academic Development, University of Surrey (UK), pp 125.

[8]   Kumar, P., 2009. Application Note: Urban aerosol measurements with the DMS500. Cambustion Instruments, Cambridge (UK), pp 1–6. [PDF]

[7]   Kumar, P., Britter, R., 2007. Particulate matter: Importance, regulations and historical perspective. Nirmaan, IIT–Delhi Civil Engineering Society, Issue II, pp 38–42. October 2007. [PDF]

[6]   Kumar, P., 2006. Air Pollutants and Global Warming. Nirmaan, IIT–Delhi Civil Engineering Society, Inaugural Issue, pp 3–7. April 2006. [PDF]

[5]   Kumar, P., 2006. Interlocking Concrete Block Pavement – An Emerging Eco–friendly Technology. Nirmaan, IIT–Delhi Civil Engineering Society, Inaugural Issue, pp 29–30, April 2006. [PDF]

[4]   Kumar, P., 2006. Particulate Matter: Sources, Dispersion and Sinks in the urban environment. First Year PhD Report, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, UK. [PDF]

[3]   Kumar, P., 2005. Mass and Number Concentration of Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter on Selected Urban Corridors of Delhi City. M.Tech Thesis, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India. [PDF]

[2]   Sharma, S.D., Kumar, P., 2000. Hindi Ke Madhyam Se Aam Janta Main Vyagyanic Chetna Ka Vikash–Ek Avlokan. Sadak Darpan, Ank–5, pp 20–23 (In Hindi).

[1]   Kumar, P., Muraleedharan, T., Sharma, S.D., Nanda, P.K., 1999. Antar–Parshvik Concrete Block Kuttim–Ek Paryavaran Mitra Technic. Sadak Darpan, pp 41–45, September 1999 (In Hindi).

 

Invited Lectures and Presentations

[14]   Kumar, P., 2012. Nanoparticles in urban outdoor settings. Characteristics and impacts of air pollution - recent advances and future direction. University of Birmingham, UK, 30 May 2012. [Plenary Speaker]

[13]   Kumar, P., 2012. Airborne nanoparticles in Asian and European environments. Central Road Research Institute (CRRI), Delhi, India, 18 April 2012.  [Invited Speaker]

[13]   Kumar, P., 2012. Wind flows and air pollution research at Surrey University. National Environmental and Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nagpur, India, 16 April 2012.  [Invited Speaker]

[12]   Kumar, P., 2012. Dynamics of nanoparticles around us. TERI University, Delhi, India, 12 April 2012.  [Invited Speaker]

[11]   Kumar, P., 2012. Airborne nanoparticles around us - how are they formed, dispersed and inhaled? Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India, 11 April 2012.  [Invited Speaker]

[10]   Kumar, P., 2012. The nanoparticles we breathe in our daily lives.... Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India, 9 April 2012.  [Invited Speaker]

[9]     Kumar, P., 2011. Atmospheric nanoparticles: Characteristics, dispersion and health implications. The Institution of Engineers, Roorkee, India, 18 April 2011.  [Invited Speaker]

[8]     Kumar, P., 2011. Atmospheric nanoparticles and their dispersion behaviour in the urban environments. Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, India, 18 April 2011.  [Invited Speaker]

[7]     Kumar, P., 2011. Dynamics and dispersion modelling of atmospheric nanoparticles in urban microenvironment environments. TERI University, Delhi, India, 14 April 2011.  [Invited Speaker]

[6]     Kumar, P., 2011. Dispersion of atmospheric nanoparticles in local and microtransport urban environments. Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India, 13 April 2011.  [Invited Speaker]

[5]     Kumar, P., 2010. Road transport and urban air quality: Current research and areas for future collaborations. Transport Research Laboratory, UK, 17 November 2010.  [Invited Speaker]

[4]     Kumar, P. 2010. Measurements and modelling of the dispersion of nanoparticles in urban street canyons. Aerodyne Research, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts, 23 June 2010.  [Invited Speaker]

[3]     Kumar, P., 2010. Measurements of urban nanoparticles with the DMS500 and their dispersion modelling. MANSA: Metrology of Airborne nanoparticles, Standardisation and Applications, NPL Teddington, UK, 8–9 June 2010 [Plenary Speaker]. [PPT]

 [2]    Kumar, P., 2008. Dispersion of nanoparticles in the urban environment. Imperial College, London, UK, 11 November 2008.  [Invited Speaker]

[1]     Kumar, P., 2008. Measurements and dispersion modelling of traffic–emitted particles in the urban environment. National Environment Research Institute, Denmark 7 May 2008. [Invited Speaker]

 

Conference articles/presentations

[34]   Kumar, P., Harrison, R.M., 2012. Nanoparticle emissions from road vehicles in Asian and European cities and allied health implications. Environmental Health, 3-6 March 2013, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

[33]   Kumar, P., Mulheron, M., 2012. Emission and dispersion of ultrafine dust from building activities. HARMO15: 15th International Conference on Harmonisation within Atmospheric Dispersion Modelling for Regulatory Purposes, 6–9 May 2013, Madrid, Spain.

[32]   Joodatnia, P., Kumar, P., Robins, A., 2012. Number concentration, distribution and transformation of nanoparticles in and outside of a car cabin. HARMO15: 15th International Conference on Harmonisation within Atmospheric Dispersion Modelling for Regulatory Purposes, 6–9 May 2013, Madrid, Spain

[31]   Aldabbous, A., Kumar, P., Robins, A., 2012. Influence of roadside vegetation barriers on concentrations of traffic-spewed ultrafine particles. HARMO15: 15th International Conference on Harmonisation within Atmospheric Dispersion Modelling for Regulatory Purposes, 6–9 May 2013, Madrid, Spain.

[30]   Mukherjee, S., Kumar, P., Hosseini, A., 2012. Chemical Looping Combustion of Coal for CO2 Capture: Process simulation and optimisation using Aspen Plus. 8th International Symposium on Environment, 13-16 May 2013, Athens Greece.

[29]   Kumar, P., Carpentieri, M., Robins, A., 2012. Dispersion of ultrafine particles in the near and far wake of a moving diesel car. UAQ2012: 8th International Conference on Air Quality – Science and Application, Athens, Greece, 19–23 March 2012.

[28]   Kumar, P., Carpentieri, M., Robins, A., 2011. Dispersion of ultrafine particles in the near and far wake regions of a moving diesel car. Air Quality 2012: 8th International Conference on Air Quality – Science and Application. Athens, Greece, 19-23 March 2012.

[27]   Joodatnia, P., Kumar, P., Robins, A., 2011. Pseudo-simultaneous measurements for the spatial distribution of nanoparticles inside a car cabin. Air Quality 2012: 8th International Conference on Air Quality – Science and Application. Athens, Greece, 19-23 March 2012.

[26]  Ameen, B., Kumar, P., Khan, A., Robins, A., 2011. Assessment of ambient air quality at two urban residential sites close to petroleum refineries in Kuwait. Air Quality 2012: 8th International Conference on Air Quality – Science and Application. Athens, Greece, 19-23 March 2012.

[25]   Carpentieri, M., Kumar, P., Robins, A., 2011. Flow and concentration measurements in the wake of reduced scale models of cars for developing nanoparticle dispersion models. PHYSMOD  2011: International workshop on Physical Modelling and Dispersion Phenomena, University of Hamburg Germany, 22-24 August 2011. [Abstract]

[24]   Kumar, P., Carpentieri, M., Robins, A., Ketzel, M., Brtitter, R., 2011. Understanding dispersion of nanoparticles in vehicle wakes combining field measurements and wind tunnel simulations. HARMO14: 14th International conference on harmonisation within atmospheric dispersion modelling for regulatory purposes, Kos Island, Greece, 2-6 October 2011. [Abstract]

[23]   Kumar, P., Carpentieri, M., 2011. Dispersion of nanoparticles in vehicle wake – Part I: analysis of field measurements. EAC 2011: European Aerosol Conference, Manchester, UK,  4-9 September 2011.

[22]   Carpentieri, M., Kumar, P., Robins, A., 2011. Dispersion of nanoparticles in vehicle wake – Part II: analysis of wind tunnel work. EAC 2011: European Aerosol Conference, Manchester, UK,  4-9 September 2011.

[21]   Joodatnia, P., Kumar, P., 2011. Passenger exposure to nanoparticles inside a transport microenvironment. EAC 2011: European Aerosol Conference, Manchester, UK,  4-9 September 2011.

[20]   Kumar, P., Robins, R., Britter, R., 2010. Measurements and modelling of atmospheric nanoparticles at a fine spatial scale. UEP 2010: Urban Environmental Pollution, Boston, USA, 20-23 June 2010.

[19]   Kumar, P., 2010. Measurements of urban nanoparticles with the DMS500 and their dispersion modelling. MANSA: Metrology of Airborne nanoparticles, Standardisation and Applications, NPL Teddington, UK, 8–9 June 2010 (invited speaker). [PPT]

[18]   Abdulsaheb, A., Kumar, P., 2010. Influence of street canyon geometries on the dispersion of nanoparticles. EMPA 18th International Symposium on Transport and Air Pollution, Dubendorf, Switzerland, 18-19 May 2010. [Abstract] [PDF]

[17]   Kumar, P., Robins, A., 2010. Modelling the dispersion of nanoparticles in street canyons. HARMO13: 13th International conference on harmonisation within atmospheric dispersion modelling for regulatory purposes, Paris, France, 1-4 June 2010. [Abstract]

[16]   Kumar, P., Rafiq, I., 2009. A semi-empirical approach to model number distributions of atmospheric nanoparticles from their total concentrations. Air Pollution 2010: 18th International conference on Modelling, Monitoring and Management of Air Pollution, 21-23 June 2010 Kos, Greece. [Abstract]

[15]   Kumar, P., Robins, A., Britter, R., 2009. Fast response measurements for the dispersion of traffic–emitted particles in vehicle wake and street canyon. 8th Symposium on the Urban Environment (89th American Meteorological Society Annual Meeting), Phoenix, Arizona, USA, 11–15 January 2009. [PPT]

[14]   Kumar, P., Ketzel, M., Robins, A., Britter, R., 2009. Street–scale modelling of nanoparticles using a simplified approach and an operational model. 7th International Conference on Air Quality – Science and Application, Istanbul, Turkey, 24–27 March 2009. [PPT]

[13]   Kumar, P., Fennell, P., Britter, R., 2008. The influence of ambient meteorology on nanoparticles concentration in an urban setting. Cambridge Particle Meeting, Cambridge, UK, 16 May 2008.

[12]   Kumar, P., Fennell, P., Britter, R., 2007. The measurement of fine particles for the study of their dispersion and of street–scale air quality. Proceedings, UK Atmospheric Aerosol Network Workshop, University of Reading, UK, 6–7 June 2007. [Abstract]. [Won Young Researchers Bursary Award]

[11]   Kumar, P., Fennell, P., Britter, R., 2007. Measurement and dispersion behaviour of particles in various size (5 nm>Dp<1000 nm) ranges in a Cambridge Street Canyon. Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Harmonisation within Atmospheric Dispersion Modelling for Regulatory Purposes, Cambridge (UK) 2–5 July 2007, pp 368–372 . [Abstract] [Full Paper]. [Best Poster Presentation Award].

[10]   Kumar, P., Britter, R., Langley, D., 2007. Street versus rooftop level concentrations of fine particle in a Cambridge Street Canyon. Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Urban Air Quality Limassol, Cyprus, 27–29 March 2007, ISBN: 978–1–905313–46–4; 147:35–38. [Abstract] [PDF]. [Won Young Researchers Award]

[9]    Kumar, P., Gupta, N., Britter, R., 2007. Hydrogen Fuel: Opportunities and Barriers. 2nd Energy Nanotechnology International Conference Santa Clare CA (ASME Conference), Paper No FC–07–1085, Track–5 (Poster Presentation).

[8]    Kumar, P., Suman H., Samir K. P., Saha, S., 2006. Prediction of PM2.5 & PM1 concentration using short–term studies and importance of the same for Risk Assessment & management planning in Delhi city. International Conference on Mesoscale Processes in atmosphere, Ocean and Environmental Systems. Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi. 14–17 February 2006.

[7]     Kumar, P., Khare, M., Shukla, A., 2005. Quantitative Assessment of PM10, PM2.5 and PM1 at Selected Urban Corridors of Delhi City. 4th Asian Aerosol Conference (AAC–2005). Indian Aerosol Science and Technology Association C/O Bhabha Atomic Research Institute (BARC), Mumbai, INDIA. 13–16 December 2005 [Abstract].

[6]    Sharma, S.D., Muraleedharan, T., Kumar, P., Nanda, P.K., 2004. Performance of cement concrete pavements in India. 6th International Concrete Technology of for Developing Countries, Al–Balqa Applied University, Al–Salt, JORDON.

[5]    Sharma, S,D., Kumar, P., 2000. Bhartiya Udhyogo Ke Sandarbh main Shramiko Ka Swasthya. Sangosthi on Bhartiya Udyogo Ke Visesh Sandarbh main Shramiko Ka Swasthya, Central Mining Research Institute Dhanbad, India, April 12–13, 2000 (In Hindi).

[4]    Sharma, S.D., Kumar, P., Muraleedharan, T., 1999. Sadak Asamtalta Mulyankan Hetu Yantro Ka Vikash–Ek Avlokan. Bhartiya Vyagyanic Evam Audhyogic Anusandhan Patrika, Journal Published by National Institute of Science and Communication, New Delhi. Varsh 7. Ank 1, pp. 20–23, June 1999 (In Hindi).

[3]    Sharma, S.D., Kumar, P., 1998. Sadak Asamtalta Mulyankan Hetu CRRI Nirmit Yantra–Ek Avlokan. Akhil Bhartiya Vygyanik Sangosthi held at Central Scientific Instrumentation Organisation, Chandigarh, India. Oct. 14–16, 1998 (In Hindi).

[2]    Kumar, P., Sharma, S.D., Muraleedharan, T., 1998. Paryavaran Evam Samajik Chetna. Paryavaran and Samajik Chetna, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, Sept. 2–3, 1998 (In Hindi).

[1]    Kumar, P., Sharma, S.D., Nanda, P.K., 1998. Hindi Seminar–Paryavaran Pradushan: Janmanas Parivesh, Karaan Va Nivaraan. Rashtriya Vagyanik, Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow, India, Feb. 27–28, 1998 (In Hindi).

Teaching

Teaching contributions:

  • Fluid Mechanics (Wind Engineering): Undergraduate Level 1
  • Wind Engineering: MEng (Civil Engineering)
  • Integrated Design B: Undergraduate  Level 2
  • Team Management and Leadership Course: Undergraduate Level 3
  • Fluid Mechanics Lab: Undergraduate Level 1
  • Bridge deck loading (Wind and water loading): MSc (Civil Engineering)
  • Wind Energy Technology: MSc (Renewable Energy)

Departmental Duties

  • Helping in managing research related content management of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering web pages, and EnFlo pages, at the University of Surrey, UK
  • Participation in academic misconduct panels and UCAS days
  • Examining BEng, MSc and MEng projects
  • Initiated and continuously conducting research seminars for the Civil Engineering Division
  • Writing blogs for CCE blog-columns
  • Personal tutoring for BSc, BEng, MSc and MEng students

Affiliations

Awards and Honours

Research Grants Awarded

  • 2011-2014: Multi-scale evaluation of advanced technologies for capturing CO2: chemical looping applied to solid fuels. UK-China EPSRC Grant No. EP/l010912/1; Role: Surrey (PI) and UK Co-Investigator (CI); Total value ~£0.6 million.
  • 2012: Developing collaborative strategy for carrying out measurements, dispersion modelling and assessing heath impacts due to vehicle–induced airborne ultrafine particles and contributing to the development of wind tunnel capabilities in India. Funding body: UK-India Education and Research Initiative (UKIERI), Grant code RA6041; Role (PI).
  • 2010-2011: Understanding dispersion of nanoparticles in vehicle wake combining fast response measurements and wind tunnel simulations. Funding body: EPSRC Grant No. EP/H026290/1; Role: Principle investigator (PI); Value £125K.
  • 2010-2013: Surrey-EPSRC DTA grant. Role: PI
  • 2010: University of Surrey Instrument Grant. Role: PI

Editorial board member of peer—reviewed scientific journals

Professional memberships

  • Fellow: Higher Education Academy (UK)
  • Fellow: Cambridge Philosophical Society (UK)
  • Fellow: Cambridge Commonwealth Trust (UK)
  • Member (CEng): Institution of Engineers (India)
  • Member: The Institution of Environmental Sciences (UK)
  • Member: The Institute of Air Quality Management (UK)
  • Member: Indian Association for Air Pollution Control (Delhi Chapter)
  • Member: UK Aerosol Society
  • Member: American Meteorological Society (2007-2010)
  • Full Member: American Nano Society, ANS (2011-)

Awards

  • Cambridge Nehru Scholarship (£45,000) for PhD, Cambridge Commonwealth Trust (Oct 2005–Mar 2009)
  • Overseas Research Scholarship Award (£25,000) for PhD, Higher Education Funding Council for England (Oct 2005–Sept 2008)
  • Cambridge Philosophical Society Studentship (£2000) for PhD, (Oct. 2008)
  • Young Researcher Award (€950), World Meteorological Organisation (2009) at 7th International Conference on Air Quality – Science and Application, Istanbul, Turkey, 24–27 March 2009.
  • Outstanding Post Graduate Scholar Award, IIT–Delhi, (May 2005)
  • Bihar PWD Medal, Indian Road Congress, for the best research paper on Interlocking Concrete Block Pavement (Jan 2005)
  • Best Research Paper of the Year in Hindi, CRRI (Sept 2000)
  • Best Talented Student of the Year, Government Polytechnic Ghaziabad, stood 7th among 12,500 students from 58 polytechnics in the state (1995)
  • Best Poster Presentation Award, 11th International Conference on Harmonisation within Atmospheric Dispersion and Modelling for Regulatory purposes, Cambridge U.K. (July 2007)
  • Bihar PWD Medal Award– Awarded for “Best paper on Research” given by “Indian Roads Congress” during its 65th annual session (January 8-11,2005) held at Bangalore, for the paper entitled “Structural Evaluation of Interlocking Concrete Block Pavement (ICBP) in the Laboratory and Guidelines for Design of ICBP for Low Volume Roads” published in IRC HRB-68.
  • Young Researchers Award, 6th International Conference on Urban Air Quality, Limassol Cyprus (Mar 2007)
  • Young Researchers Bursary Award, U.K. Aerosol Network workshop, University of Reading, Berkshire UK (June 2007)
  • British Motor Fund Grant (£2500), Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, U.K. (Feb 2007)
  • Pembroke College Cambridge Searle Grant (£3000), (Sept 2005–2008)
  • UK Aerosol Society Travel Grant (£450) (Jan 2009)
  • Biography listed in The Marquis Who's Who in the World (2010 edition)
  • 'Glory of India' Award by The India-International Society in London (September 2010)

Reviewer for national funding agencies

  • NERC Peer Review College
  • Austrian Science Fund
  • National Research Funding for Chilean government

Reviewer of peer—reviewed international journals (selected)

  • Atmospheric Environment
  • Boundary–Layer Meteorology
  • Environmental Science and Technology
  • Environmental Pollution
  • Science of the Total Environment
  • Journal of Aerosol Science
  • Journal of Environment Management
  • Journal of Nanoparticle Research
  • Environment Monitoring and Assessment
  • International Journal of Environment and Waste Management
  • Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry
  • Journal of Zhejiang University Science A
  • International Journal of Computational Fluid Dynamics
  • Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering
  • Air Quality, Atmosphere and Health
  • Environmental Chemistry

Extra-curricular activities

Team Members

Post-doctoral Researcher

  • Dr. Matteo Carpentieri (2010-2011). Understanding dispersion of nanoparticles in vehicle wake combining fast response measurements and wind tunnel simulations. EPSRC Grant.

PhD Students (Principal Supervisor, PS; Co-supervisor, CS)

  • Ameen, B., 2010-201x. Air pollution led health implications in oil dominated residential regions of Kuwait (PS).
  • Joodatnia, P., 2010-201x. Experimental and computational analysis of the dispersion of nanoparticles in transport microenvironments (PS).
  • Mukherjee, S., 2011-201x. Experimental and numerical modelling for developing advanced techniques for carbon capture and storage (PS).
  • Al-Mutairi, J., 2011-201x. Energy auditing and emission modelling for petroleum refineries (CS).
  • Aldabbous, A., 2012-201x. Non-exhaust emission sources and dispersion of airborne nanoparticles in various urban settings (PS).
  • Azarmi, F., 2012-201x. Emissions, characterisation and dispersion of nanoparticle dust from building activities (PS).

MSc / MEng Students

  • Price, M., 2010. Assessment of the prospects of developing wind energy sources in Cyprus.
  • Mackeviciute, R., 2011. Nanoparticles in the water: consequences for aquatic environment and human health.
  • Gunasekaram, S., 2011. Impact of air pollution and climate change on steel structures.
  • Ngene, B.U., 2011. Material losses to steel structures due to changing climate.
  • Hsu, J., 2011. Sustainable travel plan for Surrey University campus.
  • Oksay, G., 2011. Wind turbine design for urban areas.
  • Tsimaris, M., 2011. Biofuels and future transportation.

BSc / BEng students (Passed With Distinction, PwD)

  • Woodgate, A., 2009-2010 (PwD). Sustainable transport initiatives and their impact on community - a feasibility study.
  • Christofi, C., 2009-2010. Bio—fuels and Climate change - impacts, implications and assessment.
  • Abdulsaheb, A., 2009-2010 (PwD). Application of a computational fluid dynamics model for the dispersion of nanoparticles in urban street canyons.
  • Auckland, F., 2010-2011 (PwD). Investigating the release of potentially harmful particles while crushing concrete to produce a recycled aggregate.
  • Velandia, C., 2010-2011 (PwD). Estimation of the transport emission inventory for Bagota (Columbia) using the IVE model.
  • Packiyarajah, R., 2010-2011. End-of-life recycling of concrete structures and its environmental impacts.
  • Rehman, J., 2010-2011 (PwD. Modelling of vehicle produced emissions in urban street canyons.
  • Pagkalis, T., 2010-2011. Air pollution related implications from concrete crushing and recycling.
  • Kunapalan, P., 2010-2011. Environmental impacts and health implications from the demolition of concrete.
  • Kirk, D., 2010-2011. Influence of canyon geometries on flow and PM10 dispersion.

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Expiry Date: Monday 9 May 2011 16:14:21
Assembly date: Tue Mar 26 22:37:08 GMT 2013
Content ID: 23456
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