Professor Bruce Griffin
Professor of Nutritional Metabolism
Qualifications: BSc, PhD, RPHNutr
Email: b.griffin@surrey.ac.uk
Phone: Work: 01483 68 9724
Room no: 32 PG 00
Further information
Biography
Professor Griffin is a biomedical scientist with expertise in lipid metabolism, nutritional biochemistry and cardiovascular disease. After his BSc in medical laboratory science (1984), he gained his PhD on the effects of exercise & diet on human plasma lipoproteins at the University of Aberdeen (1988), and undertook postdoctoral research in Pathological Biochemistry at Glasgow Royal Infirmary until 1994. Since then, he has held academic posts as a Lecturer, Senior lecturer, Reader and Professor of Nutritional Metabolism at the University of Surrey. He is a teacher of undergraduate dietitians, biochemists & medical students, and postgraduates in clinical biochemistry and nutritional medicine, and an active researcher in human nutrition in relation to cardiovascular health. He has published widely on the topics of lipids, dietary fat and cardiovascular risk, and has received grants for his research from the Medical Research Council, British Heart Foundation, Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs, Food Standards Agency and Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council.
Research Interests
Role of human nutrition in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease; effects of diet on blood lipids and lipoprotein metabolism; genetic and environmental determinants of coronary atherosclerosis.
Research studies 1996-2009
1996: Can the metabolic effects of dietary N-3 PUFA be explained by changes in the expression of lipase genes in adipose tissue?
1997: The influence of dietary N-3 PUFA on the structure, function and metabolism of TAG-rich lipoproteins in healthy individuals.
1998: Importance of alpha-linolenic acid as a source of long chain N-3 PUFA and its influence on risk factors of cardiovascular disease.
2000: Vitamin E biokinetics and metabolism in dyslipidaemia.
2000: Quantification of the optimal N-6 / N-3 ratio in the UK diet.The OPTILIP study
2003: Effect of low glycaemic index foods on blood lipids in type 2 diabetes
Impact of the amount and composition of dietary fat and carbohydrate on metabolic syndrome and CVD risk; The ‘RISCK’ Study.
2005: Effects of increased egg consumption on a weight-reducing diet on blood cholesterol & related biomarkers of CHD risk
2008: Dietary intervention study to determine the effects of prawns on serum cholesterol and related biomarkers of CHD risk
2009: How does dietary carbohydrate influence the formation of an atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype?
Research Collaborations
University of Reading, Kings College London, Imperial College London, MRC unit of Human Nutrition Research, Cambridge,
University of Glasgow, Harakopio University, Athens, Greece, Aarhus University, Denmark,
Research Collaborations
University of Reading, Kings College London, Imperial College London, MRC unit of Human Nutrition Research, Cambridge,
University of Glasgow, Harakopio University, Athens, Greece, Aarhus University, Denmark,
Publications
Journal articles
- . (2013) 'The acute and long-term effects of dietary fatty acids on vascular function in health and disease.'. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care,
- . (2013) 'Ethnic differences in beta-cell function, dietary intake and expression of the metabolic syndrome among UK adults of South Asian, black African-Caribbean and white-European origin at high risk of metabolic syndrome'. Diabetes & Vascular Disease Research,
- . (2012) 'Can increased arterial stiffness in women relative to men be explained by their progressive loss of gluteofemoral fat?'. Atherosclerosis, 224 (2), pp. 320-321.
- . (2012) 'Variation in the effects of three different breakfast meals on subjective satiety and subsequent intake of energy at lunch and evening meal.'. Eur J Nutr,
- . (2012) 'Goldilocks and the three bonds: new evidence for the conditional benefits of dietary α-linolenic acid in treating cardiovascular risk in the metabolic syndrome.'. Br J Nutr, England: 108 (4), pp. 579-580.
- . (2012) 'Can increased arterial stiffness in women relative to men be explained by their progressive loss of gluteofemoral fat?'. Atherosclerosis, Ireland: 224 (2), pp. 320-321.
- . (2012) 'Food and Health Forum meeting:nutritional approaches to cardiovascular health:workshop report'. British Nutrition Foundation Nutrition Bulletin, 37, pp. 271-285.
- .
(2012) 'The type and quality of dietary fat and carbohydrate alter faecal microbiome and short-chain fatty acid excretion in a metabolic syndrome 'at-risk' population.'. International Journal of Obesity, doi: 10.1038/ijo.2012.33
- .
(2012) 'PPARγ2 gene Pro12Ala and PPARα gene Leu162Val SNPs interact with dietary intake of fat in determination of plasma lipid concentrations'. Karger Journal of Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics, 4 (6), pp. 354-366.doi: 10.1159/000336362Full text is available at: http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/191674/
- .
(2012) 'PPARγ2 gene Pro12Ala and PPARα gene Leu162Val single nucleotide polymorphisms interact with dietary intake of fat in determination of plasma lipid concentrations'. Journal of Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics, 4 (6), pp. 354-366.doi: 10.1159/000336362
- . (2012) 'Genetic predisposition to type 2 diabetes is associated with impaired insulin secretion but does not modify insulin resistance or secretion in response to an intervention to lower dietary saturated fat'. Genes and Nutrition, , pp. 1-8.
- . (2011) 'Single nucleotide polymorphisms at the ADIPOQ gene locus interact with age and dietary intake of fat to determine serum adiponectin in subjects at risk of the metabolic syndrome'. AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION, 94 (1), pp. 262-269.
- . (2011) 'Effect of Supplementation With High-Selenium Yeast on Plasma Lipids A Randomized Trial'. AMER COLL PHYSICIANS ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE, 154 (10), pp. 656-W240.
- .
(2011) 'Variation in the FFAR1 Gene Modifies BMI, Body Composition and Beta-Cell Function in Overweight Subjects: An Exploratory Analysis'. PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PLOS ONE, 6 (4) Article number ARTN e19146 Full text is available at: http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/191639/
- .
(2011) 'Genetic predisposition influences plasma lipids of participants on habitual diet, but not the response to reductions in dietary intake of saturated fatty acids'. ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD ATHEROSCLEROSIS, 215 (2), pp. 421-427.Full text is available at: http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/191640/
Abstract
Objective SNPs identified from genome-wide association studies associate with lipid risk markers of cardiovascular disease. This study investigated whether these SNPs altered the plasma lipid response to diet in the ‘RISCK’ study cohort. Methods Participants (n = 490) from a dietary intervention to lower saturated fat by replacement with carbohydrate or monounsaturated fat, were genotyped for 39 lipid-associated SNPs. The association of each individual SNP, and of the SNPs combined (using genetic predisposition scores), with plasma lipid concentrations was assessed at baseline, and on change in response to 24 weeks on diets. Results The associations between SNPs and lipid concentrations were directionally consistent with previous findings. The genetic predisposition scores were associated with higher baseline concentrations of plasma total (P = 0.02) and LDL (P = 0.002) cholesterol, triglycerides (P = 0.001) and apolipoprotein B (P = 0.004), and with lower baseline concentrations of HDL cholesterol (P < 0.001) and apolipoprotein A-I (P < 0.001). None of the SNPs showed significant association with the reduction of plasma lipids in response to the dietary interventions and there was no evidence of diet-gene interactions. Conclusion Results from this exploratory study have shown that increased genetic predisposition was associated with an unfavourable plasma lipid profile at baseline, but did not influence the improvement in lipid profiles by the low-saturated-fat diets.
- . (2011) 'Small dense LDL particles - a predictor of coronary artery disease evaluated by invasive and CT-based techniques: a case-control study'. BIOMED CENTRAL LTD LIPIDS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE, 10 Article number ARTN 21
- .
(2011) 'Interaction of PPARG Pro12Ala with dietary fat influences plasma lipids in subjects at cardiometabolic risk'. American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Journal of Lipid Research, 52 (12), pp. 2298-2303.doi: 10.1194/jlr.P019281Full text is available at: http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/191641/
Abstract
Objective: The PPARG SNP rs1801282 (Pro12Ala C>G) has shown variable association with metabolic syndrome traits in healthy subjects. We investigated genotype association with plasma lipids and the influence of dietary polyunsaturated:saturated fat ratio (P:S) in subjects at increased cardiometabolic risk. Methods: Habitual dietary intake was recorded at recruitment to the RISCK Study. PPARG rs1801282 was genotyped in 466 subjects aged 30-70 y. Genotype associations with plasma lipids were assessed at recruitment, after a 4-wk high-SFA (HS) diet and a 24-wk intervention with reference (HS), high-MUFA (HM) and low-fat (LF) diets. The interaction of habitual P:S intake x genotype on plasma lipid concentrations was investigated. Results: PPARG rs1801282 G-allele frequency was 0.09. At recruitment, G-allele carriers had higher plasma total cholesterol concentration (n=415; P=0.05) after adjustment for BMI, gender, age and ethnicity. Dietary P:S ratio x genotype interaction influenced plasma LDLcholesterol (P=0.02) and triglyceride (P=0.03) concentrations. At P:S ratio 0.33, mean LDLcholesterol concentration in G-allele carriers was higher than in non-carriers, but fell between 0.34-0.65. Triglyceride concentration followed a similar pattern. After the 4-wk HS diet, Gallele carriers had higher concentrations of total cholesterol (P=0.03), LDL-cholesterol (P=0.04) and apo B (P=0.04) than non-carriers, after adjustments. After the 24-wk interventions, diet x genotype interaction did not significantly influence either LDLcholesterol (P=0.58) or triglyceride (P=0.57) concentrations. Conclusion: A high dietary P:S ratio would help to reduce plasma LDL-cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in PPARG rs1801282 G-allele carriers at increased cardiometabolic risk.
- .
(2011) 'Can dietary modification reduce the cardiovascular complications of metabolic syndrome? 'All for one' or 'one for all'?'. Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy, 9 (4), pp. 413-416.doi: 10.1586/erc.11.27
- . (2011) '"European panel on low density lipoprotein (LDL) subclasses": A statement on the pathophysiology, atherogenicity and clinical significance of LDL subclasses'. Current Vascular Pharmacology, 9 (5), pp. 533-571.
- . (2011) 'Dairy, dairy, quite contrary: Further evidence to support a role for calcium in counteracting the cholesterol-raising effect of SFA in dairy foods'. British Journal of Nutrition, 105 (12), pp. 1713-1714.
- . (2011) 'European panel on low density lipoprotein (LDL) subclasses: A statement on the pathophysiology, atherogenicity and clinical significance of LDL subclasses: Executive summary'. Current Vascular Pharmacology, 9 (5), pp. 531-532.
- . (2010) 'Effect of changing the amount and type of fat and carbohydrate on insulin sensitivity and cardiovascular risk: the RISCK (Reading, Imperial, Surrey, Cambridge, and Kings) trial'. AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION, 92 (4), pp. 748-758.
- .
(2010) 'LACK OF EFFECT OF COLD WATER PRAWNS ON PLASMA CHOLESTEROL AND LIPOPROTEINS IN NORMO-LIPIDAEMIC MEN'. C M B ASSOC CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, 56 (1), pp. 52-58.doi: 10.1170/T879
- . (2010) 'The influence of alcohol consumed with a meal on endothelial function in healthy individuals'. WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC JOURNAL OF HUMAN NUTRITION AND DIETETICS, 23 (2), pp. 120-125.
- . (2009) 'The nutritional properties of eggs'. Food Science and Technology, 23 (4), pp. 14-16.
- . (2009) 'Successful Manipulation of the Quality and Quantity of Fat and Carbohydrate Consumed by Free-Living Individuals Using a Food Exchange Model'. AMER SOC NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE JOURNAL OF NUTRITION, 139 (8), pp. 1534-1540.
- . (2009) 'Comparison of the effects of four commercially available weight-loss programmes on lipid-based cardiovascular risk factors'. CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITION, 12 (6), pp. 799-807.
- . (2009) 'Saturated fatty acid consumption: Outlining the scale of the problem and assessing the solutions'. Nutrition Bulletin, 34 (1), pp. 74-84.
- . (2009) 'Flow-mediated vasodilatation: Variation and interrelationships with plasma lipids and lipoproteins'. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation, 69 (1), pp. 156-160.
- . (2009) 'Lipid Metabolism'. Surgery, 27, pp. 1-5.
- . (2009) 'Lipid metabolism'. Surgery, 27 (1), pp. 1-5.
- . (2009) 'Eggs and dietary cholesterol - dispelling the myth'. Nutrition Bulletin, 34 (1), pp. 66-70.
- . (2008) 'Assessment of long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid status and clinical outcome in adults receiving home parenteral nutrition'. CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE CLINICAL NUTRITION, 27 (6), pp. 822-831.
- . (2008) 'Investigation and management of hypertriglyceridaemia.'. J Clin Pathol, England: 61 (11), pp. 1174-1183.
- . (2008) 'Increased dietary cholesterol does not increase plasma low density lipoprotein when accompanied by an energy-restricted diet and weight loss'. SPRINGER HEIDELBERG EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION, 47 (6), pp. 287-293.
- . (2008) 'Investigation and management of hypertriglyceridaemia'. Journal of Clinical Pathology, 61, pp. 1174-1183.
- . (2008) 'How relevant is the ratio of dietary n-6 to n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids to cardiovascular disease risk? Evidence from the OPTILIP study'. LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS CURR OPIN LIPIDOL, 19 (1), pp. 57-62.
- .
(2008) 'Differential effects of long-chain fatty acids and clofibrate on gene expression profiles in cardiomyocytes.'. Arch Iran Med, Iran: 11 (1), pp. 42-49.Full text is available at: http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/1954/
Abstract
The link between dietary fat and coronary heart disease has attracted much attention since the effect of long-chain fatty acids on gene transcription has been established. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of long-chain fatty acids and clofibrate on mRNA levels of specific lipid metabolism-related genes and to determine their effects on global transcriptome levels in a cardiovascular cell-line.
- .
(2007) 'UK Food Standards Agency Workshop Report: the effects of the dietary n-6 : n-3 fatty acid ratio on cardiovascular health'. CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION, 98 (6), pp. 1305-1310.Full text is available at: http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/2612/
- . (2007) 'Plasma sterols as markers of cholesterol absorption and synthesis: inter-relationships with plasma lipids and apoE genotype'. CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PROCEEDINGS OF THE NUTRITION SOCIETY, 66, pp. 35A-35A.
- . (2007) 'Plasma long-chain n-3 PUFA status in patients receiving long-term home parenteral nutrition'. CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PROCEEDINGS OF THE NUTRITION SOCIETY, 66, pp. 92A-92A.
- . (2007) 'UK Food Standards Agency Workshop Report: The effects of the dietary'. British Journal of Nutrition, 98 (6), pp. 1305-1310.
- . (2007) 'Effects of flaxseed oil supplementation on plasma adiponectin levels in dyslipidemic men'. European Journal of Nutrition, 46 (6), pp. 315-320.
- . (2007) 'Strategy to alter the amount and composition of dietary carbohydrate and fat in free-living individuals participating in the RISCK trial'. CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PROCEEDINGS OF THE NUTRITION SOCIETY, 66, pp. 86A-86A.
- . (2006) 'Effects of altering the ratio of dietary n-6 to n-3 fatty acids on insulin sensitivity, lipoprotein size, and postprandial lipemia in men and postmenopausal women aged 45-70 y: the OPTILIP Study.'. Am J Clin Nutr, United States: 84 (6), pp. 1290-1298.
- . (2006) 'Effect of varying the ratio of n-6 to n-3 fatty acids by increasing the dietary intake of alpha-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid, or both on fibrinogen and clotting factors VII and XII in persons aged 45-70 y: the OPTILIP Study'. AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION, 84 (3), pp. 513-522.
- .
(2006) 'Influence of an algal triacylglycerol containing docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) and docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n-6) on cardiovascular risk factors in healthy men and women'. British Journal of Nutrition, 95 (3), pp. 525-531.doi: 10.1079/BJN20051658
- . (2006) 'Dietary cholesterol, eggs and coronary heart disease risk in perspective'. Nutrition Bulletin, 31 (1), pp. 21-27.
- . (2006) 'The effects of altering the dietary n-6 : n-3 fatty acids ratio on insulin sensitivity, lipoprotein size and postprandial lipaemia in older UK men and women. The OPTILIP study.'. CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PROCEEDINGS OF THE NUTRITION SOCIETY, 65, pp. 88A-88A.
Conference papers
- . 'Food and Health Forum meeting: nutritional approaches to cardiovascular health: workshop report'. British Nutrition Foundation Nutrition Bulletin, ROYAL SOCIETY OF MEDICINE, LONDON: Food and Health Forum meeting: nutritional approaches to cardiovascular helath: workshop report
- . (2011) 'Evidence of a link between poor bone health, low vitamin D status and CVD risk in caucasian and asian women'. ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC BONE, Athens, GREECE: 3rd Joint Meeting of the European-Calcified-Tissue-Society/International-Bone-and-Mineral-Society 48, pp. S197-S198.
- .
(2010) 'POORER LIPID PROFILE ARE ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED BONE RESORPTION AND PARATHYROID HORMONE: PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF THE D-FINES STUDY'. SPRINGER LONDON LTD OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL, Liverpool, ENGLAND: Osteoporosis Conference 21, pp. S506-S507.Full text is available at: http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/205789/
- .
(2010) '(PREMIER POSTER-AWARD CANDIDATE) EVIDENCE OF A LINK BETWEEN OSTEOPOROSIS RISK AND CVD IN CAUCASIAN BUT NOT ASIAN WOMEN: RESULTS OF THE D-FINES STUDY'. SPRINGER LONDON LTD OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL, Liverpool, ENGLAND: Osteoporosis Conference 21, pp. S466-S467.Full text is available at: http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/205791/
- .
(2010) 'POOR BONE HEALTH AND INCREASED CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE RISK: EVIDENCE OF A LINK IN THE D-FINES STUDY POPULATION'. SPRINGER LONDON LTD OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL, Florence, ITALY: IOF World Congress on Osteoporosis/10th European Congress on Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis 21, pp. 96-97.Full text is available at: http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/205790/
- . (2009) 'INCREASED DIETARY CHOLESTEROL DOES NOT INCREASE PLASMA LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN WHEN ACCOMPANIED BY WEIGHT LOSS'. ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD ATHEROSCLEROSIS, Liverpool Hope Univ, Liverpool, ENGLAND: 23rd Annual Medical and Scientific Meeting of HEART-UK 207 (1), pp. 307-307.
- . (2007) 'Separation of the principal HDL subclasses by iodixanol gradient ultracentrifugation'. ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD ATHEROSCLEROSIS, Heriot Watt Univ, Edinburgh, SCOTLAND: 21st Annual Medical and Scientific Meeting of HEART-UK 194 (1), pp. 283-284.
Book chapters
- . (2011) 'Eggs, dietary cholesterol and disease: facts and folklore'. in Bain M, Nys Y, Immerseel FV (eds.) Improving the Safety and Quality of Eggs and Egg Products: Volume 2 Woodhead Pub Ltd 2 Article number 12 , pp. 235-253.
- . (2009) 'Nutrition and Metabolism of Lipids'. in Gibney MJ (ed.) Introduction to human nutrition 2nd Edition. Blackwell Pub , pp. 86-121.
Teaching
Teaching and Administration within the Faculty and University
I teach and examine on five undergraduate modules associated with BSc Degree programmes in Nutrition & Dietetics, Nutrition, Nutrition & Food Science and Biochemistry, and three MSc programmes.
BSc Degree programmes in Nutrition, Nutrition & Dietetics; Nutrition & Food Science, lecture topics include the Regulation & disorders of energy and lipid metabolism; Biomedical sciences; Macronutrients (dietary fats), Nutrition population groups (cardiovascular disease).
MSc Degree programmes in Clinical Biochemistry (lipids & lipoproteins biochemistry, molecular basis of hyperlipidaemia); Nutritional Medicine (Lipids & essential fatty acids); Toxicology (medical - oxidised lipids and trans fatty acids).
Admissions Tutor for MSc in Clinical biochemistry
Departmental Duties
Supervise MSc and PhD research programmes,
Chairman for the Exam Board in Nutritional Medicine 2006 to date
Degree programme review panel member for BSc Undergraduate Framework for Lifelong Learning in Health and Social Care Practice, EIHMS, University of Surrey (2007)
Member of the Faculty’s Research Advisory Board, FHMS, University of Surrey
Affiliations
- Biochemical Society (1985-88).
- British Hyperlipidaemia Association (1990-02)
- H.E.A.R.T. UK (2002 - to date)
- The Nutrition Society (1994 - to date).
- British Atherosclerosis Society (1997 - to date).
- The Royal Society of Medicine’s Forum on Lipids in Clinical Medicine (99-06)
- Scottsh Heart and Arterial disease Risk Prevention Group (99-03)
- Registered Public Health Nutritionist (RPHNutr,1999- to date)
Editorial board membership Assistant Editor for the British Journal of Nutrition (2007-to date)
Editorial Board member - Atherosclerosis(2003-to date)
Committees
British Hyperlipidaemia Association (BHA) Committee member (1999-02)
Chairman for ILSI Europe’s Functional Foods Task Force meetings in Lisbon, Portugal (2003) and Bordeaux, France (2004)
Deputy Director of Supra-regional Assay Service (SAS) in Cardiovascular
Risk Assessment for the NHS Trust University of Surrey & RSCH (2003-to date)



