Contact Hours

20

Required Prerequisite Study

None.

Completion Requirement

Completion of the module (and the acquisition of 15 course credits) requires a total of 20 contact hours in the form of lectures and workshops. Students are also required to invest a minimum of 100 hours of study time in completion of the module.

Assessments

Students are given two coursework assignments that involve a critical assessment of current theories and empirical evidence and their application to specific social issues [Essay (maximum 2000 words) and Research Proposal (maximum 2000 words)].

Suggested Reading

Lecturers may provide detailed reading lists during their lectures but students are strongly advised to consult at least some of the following materials before each lecture.

Aronson, S. (2004).  The social animal (9^th edn).  New York: Worth.

Asch, S. (1955).  Opinions and social pressure.  Scientific American, 193(5),31-35.

Lambert, T.A., Kahn, A.S., & Apple, K.J. (2003).  Pluralistic ignorance and hooking up. The Journal of Sex Research, 40, 129-133.

Milgram, S. (1974).  Obedience to authority: An experimental view.  New York: Harper Collins.  

Moscovici , S., & Lage, E. (1976).  Studies in social influence: III.  Majority versus minority influence in a group.  European Journal of Social Psychology, 6,  149-174.

Prentice, D.A., & Miller, D.T. (2002).  The emergence of homegrown stereotypes.  American Psychologist, 57, 352-359.

Augoustinos, M., & Walker, I. (1995). Social cognition: An integrated introduction. London: Sage. (Chapters 5 & 6)

Deaux, K., & Philogène, G. (Eds) (2001). Representations of the social: Bridging theoretical traditions. Oxford: Blackwell.

Howarth, C. (2006). A social representation is not a quiet thing: exploring the critical potential of social representations theory. British Journal of Social Psychology, 45, 65-86.

Klandermans, B., Sabucedo, J.M., Rodriguez, M., & De Weerd, M. (2002). Identity processes in collective action participation: farmers' identity and farmers' protest in the Netherlands and Spain. Political Psychology, 23, 235-251.

Reicher, S., & Haslam, S.A. (2006). Rethinking the psychology of tyranny: the BBC prison study. British Journal of Social Psychology, 45, 1-40. [See also responses by Turner and Zimbardo and responses to these by Haslam and Reicher in the same issue]

Arends-Toth, J., & van de Vijver, F. J. R. (2003). Multiculturalism and acculturation: views of Dutch and Turkish-Dutch. European Journal of Social Psychology, 33, 249-266.

Berry, J.W. (2001). A psychology of immigration. Journal of Social Issues, 5, 615-631.

Bowskill, M., Lyons, E., & Coyle, A. (2007). The rhetoric of acculturation: when integration means assimilation. British Journal of Social Psychology, 46, 793-813.

Chryssochoou, X. (2000). Multicultural societies: making sense of new environments and identities. Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology, 10, 343-354.

Chryssochoou, X. (2004). Cultural diversity: Its social psychology. Oxford: Blackwell.

Hopkins, N., & Kahani-Hopkins, V. (2006). Minority group members' theories of intergroup contact: a case study of British Muslims' conceptualizations of 'Islamophobia' and social change. British Journal of Social Psychology, 45, 245-264.

Bar-Tal, D. (1990). Causes and consequences of delegitimization: models of conflict and ethnocentrism. Journal of Social Issues, 46(1), 65-81.

Bandura, A. (1999). Moral disengagement in the perpetration of inhumanities. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 3(3), 193-209.

Castano, E., & Giner-Sorolla, R. (2006). Not quite human: infrahumanization in response to collective responsibility for intergroup killing. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 90(5), 804-818.

Cuddy, A. J. C., Rock, M.S., & Norton, M.I. (2007). Aid in the aftermath of hurricane Katrina: inferences of secondary emotions and intergroup helping. Group Processes and Intergroup Relations, 10(1), 107-118.

Harris, L. T., & Fiske, S.T. (2006). Dehumanizing the lowest of the low: neuroimaging responses to extreme out-groups. Psychological Science, 17(10), 847-853.

Haslam, N. (2006). Dehumanization: an integrative review. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 10(3), 252-264.

Haslam, N., Bain, P., Douge, L., Lee, M., & Bastian, B. (2005). More human than you: attributing humanness to self and others. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89(6), 937-950.

Leyens, J.-P., Paladino, P.M., Rodriguez-Torres, R., Vaes, J., Demoulin, S., Rodriguez-Perez, A., & Gaunt, R. (2000). The emotional side of prejudice: the attribution of secondary emotions to ingroups and outgroups. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 4(2), 186-197.

Marcu, A., Lyons, E., & Hegarty, P. (2007). Dilemmatic human-animal boundaries in Britain and Romania: post-materialist and materialist dehumanization. British Journal of Social Psychology, 46(4), 875-893.

Opotow, S. (1993). Animals and the scope of justice. Journal of Social Issues, 49(1), 71-85.

Pérez, J. A., Moscovici, S., & Chulvi, B. (2007). The taboo against group contact: hypothesis of Gypsy ontologization. British Journal of Social Psychology, 46(2), 249-272.

Tileagă, C. (2007). Ideologies of moral exclusion: a critical discursive reframing of depersonalization, delegitimization and dehumanization. British Journal of Social Psychology, 46(4), 717-737.

Bodine, A. (1975/1998).  Androcentrism in prescriptive grammar: Singular ‘they’ sex-indefinite ‘he’ and ‘he or she.’  In D. Cameron (Ed.), The feminist critique of language: A reader (pp. 124-140).  New York: Routledge.

Gannon, L., Luchetta, T., Rhodes, K., Pardie, L., & Segrist, D. (1992).  Sex bias in psychological research: Progress or complaceny?  American Psychologist, 47, 389-396.

Hyde, J. (1984).  Children’s understanding of sexist language.  Developmental Psychology, 20, 697-706.

Hofsdadter, W. (1985/1998).   A person paper on purity in language.  In D. Cameron (Ed.),

The feminist critique of language: A reader (pp. 141-148).  New York: Routledge.

Parks, J.B., & Roberson, M.A. (2004).  Attitudes toward women mediate the gender effect on attitudes toward sexist language.  Psychology of Women Quarterly, 28, 233-239.

Burr, V. (1995). An introduction to social constructionism. London: Routledge (Chapter 6: Can individuals change society? Note that this chapter does not appear in the second edition of this book, published in 2003).

Willig, C. (1999). Introduction: making a difference. In C. Willig (Ed.), Applied discourse analysis: Social and psychological interventions. Buckingham: Open University Press.

Haslam, N., & Levy, S.R. (2006). Essentialist beliefs about homosexuality: structure and implications for prejudice. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 32, 471-485.

Morton, T.A., & Postmes, T. (2009).  When differences become essential: Minority essentialism in response to majority treatment.  Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 35, 656-668.

Sheldon, J.P., Pfeffer, C.A., Jayaratne, T.E., Feldbaum, M., & Petty, E.M. (2007). Beliefs about the etiology of homosexuality and about the ramifications of discovering its possible genetic origin. Journal of Homosexuality, 52, 11-150.

Collins, J., Thomas, G., Willis, R., & Wilsdon, J. (2003). Carrots, Sticks and Sermons: Influencing Public Behaviour for Environmental Goals. London: Demos and Green Alliance for DEFRA.

Jackson, T., & Michaelis,L. (2003). Policies for Sustainable Consumption. London: ESRC Sustainable Technology Programme, Joseph Rowntree Charitable Trust and Sustainable Development Commission.

Nutley, S.M., Davies. H.T.O., & Walter, I. (2002). Learning from the diffusion of innovations. University of St Andrews, Research Unit for Research Utilisation. See http://www.ruru.ac.uk/PDFs/Learning%20from%20the%20Diffusion%20of%20Innovations.pdf