A new route to sustainable battery electrode materials utilising phosphorus recovered by electrocoagulation during the remediation of waste water

Phosphorus is an essential element for plant growth, however, excessive amounts in water systems results in catastrophic consequences for marine life. Understandably the removal of phosphorus from ponds, lakes and reservoirs is an important, and regulated, process.

Current technologies include the ‘locking’ of phosphorus in charcoal or bentonite clays. However, these single use processes generate huge amounts of waste. We are looking for efficient, reusable alternatives.

One successful alternative methodology is an electrocatalytic process, electrocoagulation, capable of capturing and removing the phosphorus from a range of waste-waters, before converting it into useful products.

Phosphate materials dominate the world of sodium-ion and lithium-ion battery electrodes and solid-state electrolytes, due to their high specific capacities and diffusion coefficients. However, their use is limited by the UK’s critical mineral strategy and concerns over supply chains for phosphorus and its crucial application in agriculture. This project provides a unique solution whereby phosphorus pollution in rivers can be directly mineralised into battery material precursors, taking an unprecedented step towards the circular economy.

In collaboration with our industrial partners 'Power&Water' (leading technology developer of sonoelectrochemical systems), this project will employ a range of analytic techniques to quantify the phosphorus in model and ‘real’ water samples, measure its removal, and assess the efficiency of electrodes' composition. In addition a suite of materials characterisation techniques will be used to study the solid phosphorus-containing floc 'as produced' and after refining and modification for use as battery electrodes. Finally, battery performance itself will be tested and the effect of varying initial capture conditions monitored.

The candidate should have a first class or upper-second class degree in Chemistry or Chemical Engineering and have an interest in the application of fundamental electrochemical or materials science to environmental and industrial systems.

Open to any UK or international candidates. Up to 30% of our UKRI funded studentships can be awarded to candidates paying international rate fees. Find out more about eligibility.