Ren Palmer


Postgraduate Research Student
BA (hons)

About

My research project

University roles and responsibilities

  • Graduate Teaching Assistant

    My qualifications

    2021-2024
    BA (hons) in Experimental Psychology
    University of Oxford

    Publications

    Jennifer Murphy, Ren Palmer, Rosemary Donaghy (2025)Interoception University of California, San Francisco

    Interoception is broadly defined as the processing of internal bodily states at multiple conscious and preconscious levels (Brewer et al., 2021). Because of the breadth of this construct, many measures exist to probe individual differences in interoception (Desmedt et al., 2023; Khalsa et al., 2018). Measures of interoception can be separated into different domains (e.g., cardiac, respiratory, gastric) and dimensions (e.g., accuracy, attention). Some of the most assessed domains of interoception, and associated measures, are reviewed below. We focus on interoceptive accuracy, as well as self-reported, implicit and neural measures of interoception, however, it should be noted that there are many other dimensions (Khalsa et al., 2018). Specific considerations for the measurement of stress alongside interoception are provided.